人参、西洋参不同部位中齐墩果酸型皂苷含量的对比分析

Profiling and Identification of Oleanolic Acid Type Saponins in Different Parts of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. and Panax quinquefolium L.

通过对比分析人参和西洋参根、茎、叶中齐墩果酸型皂苷种类及人参皂苷Ro含量的差异,观察齐墩果酸型皂苷的分布特征。采用高效液相色谱质谱联用技术对齐墩果酸型皂苷进行鉴定及Ro含量测定。色谱柱:Agilent TC-C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈、2.5mmol/L乙酸铵(w/v)及0.05‰氨水(v/v)水溶液;梯度洗脱;流速:1m L/min;检测波长:203nm。共鉴定了6种齐墩果酸型皂苷,分别为人参皂苷Ro(1)、竹节参皂苷Iva(2)、姜状三七皂苷R1(3)、Stipulenaoside R2(4)、Armatoside(5)和Elatoside K(6)。人参根、茎和叶中均含有化合物1、2和3;西洋参茎中含有化合物1、3和4,叶中含有化合物1和4,根中含有上述6种化合物。对含量较高的人参皂苷Ro进行分析发现,根部为人参皂苷Ro的主要积累部位,且西洋参根部含量(0.576%)高于人参根部(0.214%);两者不同部位人参皂苷Ro含量差异较一致,皆为根>茎>叶。人参和西洋参不同部位齐墩果酸型皂苷的种类存在差异,人参皂苷Ro在二者不同部位的分布特征较为相似,根部为齐墩果酸型皂苷的主要积累部位。

To observe the distribution of Oleanolic Acid Type Saponins in ginseng and American ginseng ,we analyzed the species of oleanolic acid type saponins and the amount of ginsenoside Ro in roots ,stems and leaves of both of them with high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry .Column：Agilent TC-C18 （4.6mm × 250mm ,5μm）;The mobile phase consisted of two eluents：Acetonitrile and water with 2.5mmol/L Ammonium acetate（w/v） and 0.05‰ Ammonia（v/v）;Gradient elution;The flow rate was 1mL/min;203nm as detection wavelength .Six compounds of oleanolic acid type saponins were identified .They were ginsenoside Ro（1） ,chikusetsusaponin Iva（2） ,zingibroside R1 （3） ,Stipulenaoside R2 （4） ,Arrnatoslde（5） and Elatoside K（6） .The compound 1 ,2 and 3 were all found in root ,stem and leaf of gin-seng .About american ginseng ,compound 1 ,3 and 4 were in stem ,compound 1 and 4 were in leaf .And above all six compounds were in root . Root is a main storage part of ginsenoside Ro .The contents of ginsenoside Ro in American ginseng root（0.576% ） were more than in ginseng root（0.214% ） .The amounts of ginsenosides Ro in different parts from both ginsengs were root〉 stem〉 leaf .（conclusion ）The Species of oleanolic acid type saponins are different in various parts of Panax ginseng and American ginseng .But the distribution of ginsenoside Ro are similar in both ginsengs .The roots are the main part for accumulation of oleanolic acid type saponins .