纯电驱动车辆动力总成优化的研究

A Study on the Optimization of the Powertrain of Battery Electric Vehicle

采用基于解析目标分解的多学科设计优化方法,为典型的动力总成拓扑结构建立了两层优化架构。其中,在系统层级,使用遗传算法,以电动汽车动力性能为约束,最小化电动汽车的能量消耗与动力总成的制造成本;在子系统/部件层级,使用序列二次规划算法,在满足系统层级所设定的驱动电机的性能要求的同时,最小化其制造成本。使用Willans line建模方法,建立了驱动电机的参数化仿真模型,并进行了仿真。结果表明:轮毂直驱式动力总成拓扑结构在能耗与制造成本方面具有优势,但它要求其驱动电机有较大的转矩和功率。

Multi-discipline design optimization method is adopted based on analytical target cascading to establish a two-layer optimization architecture for a typical topology structure of powertrain, in which the system layer uses genetic algorithm to minimize the energy consumption of electric vehicle and the manufacturing cost of powertrain with the power performance of electric vehicle as constraint; whereas in subsystem/component layer, sequen- tial quadratic programming is adopted to minimize the manufacturing cost of traction motor, while meeting its per- formance requirements set in system layer. Then Willans line modeling method is used to build a parameter simula- tion model for traction motor with a simulation performed. The results show that the topology structure of wheel-hub drive powertrain has the advantages in energy consumption and manufacturing cost, but it is requested to have a traction motor with much higher torque and power.