湖南不同区域花生气候生产潜力评价

Evaluation on Peanut Climate Production Potential in Different Regions of Hunan

以大籽品种（湘花2008）和小籽品种（湘农小花生）为试材,分别在湖南4个花生主产区的邵阳、邵东、道县和麻阳开展调查、试验,利用当地花生生育期内总太阳辐射量、降水量、蒸发量、温度为依据,初步对湖南不同区域花生气候生产潜力进行估算。结果表明,大籽花生气候生产潜力显著高于小籽花生。影响湖南花生产量的限制生态因子在播种∽出苗期、苗期和荚果发育期主要是温度因子;花期水分因子是湘中南和湘西北花生产量的主要限制条件。各花生主产区气候生产潜力利用率较低,其中道县和麻阳的花生实际产量均低于气候生产潜力的30%。湖南花生产量具有很大的上升空间,这为高产品种繁育和高产高效栽培技术的推广提供了理论依据。

With large seed variety （Xianghua 2008 ） and small seed variety （Hunan agriculture floret born） as materials, using the data of total solar radiation, rainfall, evaporation capacity, temperature, the peanut climate production potential was estimated at 4 major peanut planting areas in Hunan Province （ Shaoyang, Shaodong, Dao and Mayang County ）. The results showed that the climate production potential of large seed peanut was significantly higher than that of small seed one. The main restriction eco -factor of peanut yield was temperature at sowing to seedling, seedling and pod development stages. At flowering stage, the main re- striction eco - factor of peanut yield was water in south central and northwest of Hunan Province. The climate production potential use ratios were very low. The actual peanut yield was less than 30% of climate production potential both in Dao and Mayang County. Hunan peanut yield had very big rise space, which provided a theo- retical basis for high yield variety breeding and high yield cultivation techniques.