烟粉虱触角的切除及其在配偶选择过程中的作用

Antenna Excision and Its Effects on the Spouse Selection Behavior of Sweetpotato Whitefly Bemisia tabaci

烟粉虱是全世界分布的农业重大害虫,是一个由至少24个存在交配行为隔离的生物型组成的种的复合。研究不同体积分数酒精对烟粉虱麻醉效应的基础上,比较了触角切除与否对B生物型烟粉虱雄成虫对同型异型烟粉虱雌成虫择偶行为的影响。结果表明,综合考虑苏醒时间与对烟粉虱的伤害程度2个因素,25%乙醇是麻醉烟粉虱以满足其触角切除时间需要的最佳体积分数。在10 min配偶选择过程中,触角正常的B型烟粉虱雄成虫对B型雌成虫的平均择偶滞留时间为117.3 s,远远长于对Q和Cv型烟粉虱雌成虫的选择时间(43.1 s和39.8 s),其进入B型烟粉虱雌成虫所在区域的平均次数(1.79次)也明显多于进入Q和Cv型所在区域的次数(0.47次,0.89次);而当触角切除后,B型烟粉虱雄成虫对B、Q和Cv型烟粉虱雌成虫择偶滞留时间分别为116.2,110.7,110.1 s,进入相应处理区的次数分别为0.59、0.61和0.56次,三者之间均无明显差异。表明触角正常的B生物型烟粉虱雄成虫择偶时显著倾向于选择同型雌成虫,而触角切除后的B生物型烟粉虱雄成虫对同型和异型雌成虫的选择无明显差异,因此推断触角对烟粉虱的择偶行为及效率具有重要影响。

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is one of the most damaging agricultural pests distributed over the world, which has been identified as a species complex consists of at least 24 different reproductive isolated bio- types.In the present study, the anesthetizing effects of gradient concentration alcohol （15%-95%） on B. tabaci were tested,and the effects of antenna excision on the spouse selection behavior of the male adults of B. tabaci B biotype were studied in a four-arm olfactometer. The results indicated that 25% alcohol was the optimum concentration for B. tabaci anesthesia concerning the physiological harm to the whitefly adult and its arousing time.During a 10-minute spouse selection,the retention time of B biotype male adults access to same biotype female adults were 117.3 sec ,which was significantly longer than the time access to Q and Cv biotype females （43.1 and 39.8 sec） ;furthermore,the average enter frequencies for B biotype male adults access to the areas where B, Q and Cv female stayed in olfactometer were 1.79,0.47 and 0.89 times. However, when the antenna of B biotype male adults was cut off, the retention time for B biotype males access to B, Q and Cv females was 116.2,110.7 and 110.1 sec, and the average enter frequencies were 0.59,0.61 and 0.56 times, no obvious differences were recorded in either the retention time or enter frequencies.These findings suggested that anten- na plays an important role in spouse selection behavior of B. tabaci.