长江上游边滩形态及与河道的关系

Relationship between beaches morphology and river channels in upper Yangtze River

采用遥感卫星图、实测河道地形图、GIS和AutoCAD软件等相结合的方法,对长江上游宜宾至重庆主城区河段45个典型的弯道凸岸边滩和弯道过渡段边滩的平面形态特征及与河道的关系进行研究.通过统计表征边滩平面形态特征的边滩的周长、面积、最大长度和滩面中点的宽度及河道的平均宽度等主要参数,分析研究边滩面积与周长、边滩面积与最大长度、边滩面积与滩面中点宽度、最大长度与滩面中点宽度及边滩面积、边滩周长、滩面中点宽度与平均河宽等之间相互关系的变化规律.结果表明:边滩面积与周长、边滩面积与最大长度都呈现出较好的线性正比例相关关系,边滩面积与滩面中点宽度基本呈线性正比例关系;边滩面积、边滩周长、滩面中点宽度与平均河宽之间皆呈现较好的线性正比例关系;2/3的边滩属于"矮胖形",其余的则为"高瘦形".研究成果对水利工程、港航工程、市政工程和生态环境工程等的规划和建设具有重要的指导价值.

Based on remote sensing（RS）land images data,measured river topographic map,geographic information system（GIS）and AutoCAD software,this paper investigates the morphology characteristics of45 typical beaches and relationship between benches morphology and river channels in the Yibin-Chongqing reach of upper Yangtze River.The following main relations are systematically studied：beach area and perimeter,beach area and beach maximum length,beach area and middle width,beach maximum length and middle width,beach area and average river width,beach perimeter and average river width,beach middle width and average river width,etc.The results show that the relationship between beach area and perimeter presents the better linear law,and the same law between beach area and beach maximum length.The relationship between beach area and middle width is basic linear law.The beach area and average river width,beach perimeter and average river width,beach middle width and average river width keep stronglinear relationship.Most of the length is greater than the width of the beach.Beach morphology is crescent or cure and most of the beach is stout shape.The above results are of important guidance values for the planning and construction of port and waterway engineering,hydraulic engineering,municipal engineering and ecological engineering,etc.