世界遗产视野下普洱景迈山古茶林的价值探究

World Heritage Perspective on Ancient Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu'er, Yunnan

文章基于地理学视角,从普洱景迈山古茶林的自然科学价值和历史文化价值2个层次出发,研究并阐述了古茶林的"突出普遍价值",探讨该景观在发展历史、关键技术、整体景观、人地关系及文化传承等方面产生的重要影响。在进一步分析和阐述古茶林现阶段保护情况的基础上,与世界典型农业景观及国际著名茶园进行了对比分析。结果表明:1)普洱景迈山古茶林是一处人与自然高度融合的文化景观,具有珍贵的遗产价值;2)景迈山古茶林的价值具有独特性,与其他相似世界遗产对比后发现,不存在与景迈山古茶林具有相似价值属性组合的遗产地;3)古茶林的景观要素和生态环境都具有很高的真实性和完整性,具备"世界文化遗产"标准中的第iii、v项特质。

As the development of conservation work of Ancient Tea Forests of Jingmai Mountain in Pu＇er, defining its outstanding universal value in the context of World Heritage is of much importance. Based on social and natural investigation, this article mainly introduces the typical cultural landscape of the Ancient Tea Forests of Jingmai Mountain in Pu＇er. It is considered that the ancient tea forests have not only the significance in interaction between man and nature, but also have a unique value and cultural significance in the cultural landscape heritages in physical geography and cultural geography perspective. The article expounds the development history, the key cultivation technology and the whole landscape of the forests and their important influence on man-land relationship and cultural inheritance. In the paper, the present situation and protection status of the ancient forests under the protection of the World Heritage Convention are also discussed, and a comparison with similar world famous agricultural landscape or famous tea garden is made. The preliminary results suggest that the landscape of the forests includes a high degree of integration of man and nature and has precious outstanding universal value. Generally speaking, the value of the Ancient Tea Forests of Jingmai Mountain in Pu＇er is unique, as compared with other world heritage. The authenticity, integrality of the landscape may fit the world heritage criteria iii and v, thus the research and the understanding of the value of the ancient tea forests seem to be especially important for us, and they should be further investigated.