不同脱水剂对杂交水稻制种种子成熟脱水和质量的影响

Effects of different dehydrating agents on seed dehydration and quality during seed maturation of hybrid rice seed production

为加快杂交水稻制种种子成熟后期的脱水过程,以钱优1号为材料,在夏季制种中,在F1代种子蜡熟末期喷施不同类型的脱水剂,研究不同脱水剂及施用浓度对杂交稻制种种子脱水效果和种子质量的影响。结果表明,15种脱水剂均能加快种子脱水,使成熟期提早1~10 d,水分下降1.55%~8.35%;其中7号脱水剂处理效果最好,与对照相比,成熟期提早5 d,种子水分下降2.46%,千粒重提高0.9%。而且7号脱水剂处理能提高种子发芽势和发芽指数,对幼苗生长有促进作用,并能显著提高过氧化物酶（POD）活性,降低丙二醛（MDA）含量。表明7号脱水剂适宜在籼型三系组合钱优1号制种种子成熟后期使用。

In order to accelerate seed dehydration process in hybrid rice seed production,different dehydrating agents were sprayed on seeds at dough stage in hybrid rice（ cv. Qianyou NO. 1） seed production in the field in summer,and the effects of different dehydrating agents and application concentrations on seed dehydration and quality of Qianyou NO. 1 were studied. The results showed that all the 15 combinations of dehydrating chemicals could accelerate seed dehydration,and the moisture contents of seeds were decreased by 1. 55%- 8. 35%,moreover,seed maturities were 1- 10 days earlier than that of the control. Among 15 treatments,treatment No. 7 had the best effect according to the germination parameters and 1 000- grain weight. Treatment No. 7 not only had no negative effects on seed quality but also decreased seed moisture content for 2. 46% and accelerated the maturation by 5 days. The results also showed that treatment No. 7 could increase germination energy and germination index,improve seedling growth and POD activity,and decrease MDA content. It was suggested that treatment No. 7 was a suitable seed dehytrating agent at dough stage for hybrid rice（ cv. Qianyou NO. 1） seed production.