土壤中重金属污染源分析研究

Analysis and Study on Heavy Metal Pollution Sources in Soil

针对某市表层土壤分析数据,判断该市各功能区污染程度和污染源.由单因子指数分析和富集系数分布图可知,金属Cu、Hg、Cd、Pb在该市工业区属于重度污染,As、Cu、Cd、Hg和Pb在该市生活区为重度污染,在主干道路区Hg、Cd和Pb呈中、重度污染.由卡梅罗综合污染指数得出该市功能区污染程度依次为工业区、主干道路区、生活区、公园绿地区和山区.金属空间分布图表示元素的浓度较高点均集中在工业区、主干道路区和生活区,而由主成分分析能定量的描述出Hg、Cu、Pb、As、Cd在主成分中占较大比重,由R型聚类分析知Pb、As、Hg具有较大的相关性,由此可知由此城市土壤污染主要来源于工业污水排放、生活垃圾以及汽车尾气的排放.

This article aims to judge the pollution situation of each functional district and urban pollution sources by analyzing the city surface soil data. The metals Cu, Hg, Cd, Pb in the industrial areas cause heavy pollution and the metals As, Cu, Cd, Hg, Pb in the living quarters cause severe pollution according to the single factor index analysis and the enrichment coefficient distribution. In the tmnk mad areas, the metals Hg, Cd and Pb cause moderate or severe pollution. The Cannelo comprehensive pollution index shows that the functional areas are successively the industrial zones, the trunk roads, the living areas, the park green areas, the mountain areas according to the pollution degree from high to low. The metal spatial distribution graph shows that the relatively higher concentration points of the elements are concentrated in the industrial zones, the trunk road areas and the living areas. By the principal component analysis, Hg, Cu, Pb, As and Cd account for the larger proportion in the principal components. The R cluster analysis shows that the metals Pb, As and Hg have the greater relevance. Therefore, we conclude that the urban soil pollution mainly comes from the industrial sewage, the life rubbish and automobile exhaust emissions.