火箭无线系统电磁兼容性研究

Research on electromagnetic compatibility for wireless system of rocket

无线系统作为火箭的关键分系统,其电磁兼容性制约了火箭的可靠性。以某固体火箭为例,通过仿真分析研究了天线的电磁辐射特性、无线设备间的耦合程度以及装舱后系统整体的电场分布,分析结果预示系统可能存在电磁不兼容趋势。基于仿真结果,设计实施了单机电磁兼容性验证试验、桌面散态系统试验(不含火箭结构影响因素)和系统匹配试验(含火箭结构影响因素),分别从设备级、桌面散态(分系统)级和全系统级依次验证了无线系统的电磁兼容性,得到了该火箭无线系统满足电磁兼容的结论。通过仿真与试验的结合,形成了火箭无线系统电磁兼容性研究方法。结果表明,研究方法可行,且具有较高的工程应用价值,可为复杂系统的电磁兼容性设计与验证提供参考。

As the key function subsystem, the electromagnetic compatibility （ EMC） performance of wireless system directly restrictes the reliability of rocket. To investigate the EMC performance of wireless system of solid rocket, a research method was made. Firstly, the electromagnetic radiation characteristic of antenna, the coupling degree between wireless devices, and the whole E-field distribution of the system were respectively simulative analyzed. Then based on the simulation results, a prediction of the system having not achieve EMC was made. Secondly, a series of EMC tests of system were designed, including EMC validate tests, the tabletop dispersedly system EMC test （ without the influence of configuration） , and the system matching tests. The implement of these tests respectively validated the EMC performance of system at device level, tabletop （ subsystem） level and system level. Based on the test results, a conclusion that the system is EMC was obtained. Combined with the simulation and test results, the method is confirmed to be feasible, and valuable for engineering application,and is applicable for EMC design and validation of complicated system.