论宣宗孙皇后与明代中叶政治——兼与林延清先生商榷

Sun Queen of Emperor Xuan Zong and Politics of Middle Ming Dynasty——A Discussion with Mr. Lin Yan-qing

史家对明宣宗孙皇后的评价总是贬多于褒,这有失公允。其实,孙氏除了"盗子夺后"的"劣迹",非但没有其他变乱宫闱之举,反而在明王朝的几个重要关头发挥了积极作用。明中叶发生过震惊朝野的"土木之变"和"夺门之变",孙氏以丰富的政治阅历及无可替代的皇太后之尊,临危不惧,从容驾驭两"变",使大明王朝度过了严重的政治危机。

The evaluation of Xuan Zong Sun Queen＇ s historians always more negative than positive, this is unfair. In fact, in addition to the ＂evil＂ of ＂steal the son and won queen＂, instead of no other accident were, but several important juncture of the Ming Dynasty played an active role. In the middle of Ming Dynasty had shocked the whole of the ＂TuMu incident＂ and ＂DuoMen incident＂, sun＇ s political experience and an abundant of the Empress Dowager statue, face danger fearlessly, pick two ＂incident＂, the Ming Dynasty had a serious political crisis. She made an important contribution to the Ming Dynasty rule and stability of the country.