甲午战后的中国觉悟——以战后新军操练、学校体育的日本化为视角

China＇s Consciousness after Sino- Japanese War of 1894 - 1895 --Give a perspective of post - war new army drills and Japanization of school sports

甲午战争不仅促使中国人对1840年鸦片战争以来的一系列军事失败、洋务失败加以反省，也促使自我对身体、种族等加以反省、改造。由此掀起的自强运动，范围更加广泛，由购买枪炮扩大到身体的自强，军操的西化、日本化是其标志，可以说国人从身体面貌到精神面貌的变革，是名副其实的“洗心革面”，故身体文化与近代文化的研究是一个值得关注的问题。

The Sino -Japanese War not only prompted the Chinese to reflect a series defeats of military and foreign affairs since the Opium War in 1840, contributed to self - reflection and transformation of body and race and so on, which set off the self - strengthening movement. It ranged more widely, from the purchase of guns ＇s extend- ed to self- improvement body, and military tattoo westernized, Japanization is it symbol, we can say people from physical appearance to the spirit of change, which is tmly＂tum over＂, so research in body culture and modem cul- ture is a matter of concern.