植被与地形对侵蚀产沙耦合影响研究评述

Review on the coupling influences of vegetation and topography to soil erosion and sediment yield

野外坡面内的植被与地形对侵蚀产沙影响,表现为共同改变某一坡面单元的上坡来水及其侵蚀动力,通常难以分离,呈现典型耦合作用特征。两者单独与侵蚀产沙的关系已较明确,但对侵蚀产沙的耦合影响则研究薄弱。在概述植被、地形各自对侵蚀产沙影响的基础上,从坡面和流域两个空间尺度,梳理了两者对侵蚀产沙耦合影响的相关成果,从理论认识、试验方法和监测技术三方面剖析了存在的主要问题,提出了三点推动该研究的具体对策,即:1引入反映多因素对侵蚀产沙耦合影响的预报模型参数;2搭建近自然坡面的植被镶嵌覆盖非均质试验小区;3开发侵蚀水动力参数高效量测技术等,以期为在侵蚀产沙过程机制与预报技术领域取得重大突破提供有益参考。

It is coupling to change the incoming water from upslope and its erosive force for the effects of vege- tation and landform on soil erosion and sediment yield in field slope. In spite of relationships of soil erosion and sediment yield with vegetation and landform separately have been illustrated very well, but it remains un- clear in coupling influences of vegetation and landform on soil erosion and sediment yield. This paper analyzed main problems in theories, experiments and monitor techniques through summarizing existent achievement on relative studies in two scales of slope and watershed. To provide helpful and useful support on studies refer to mechanism during soil erosion and sediment yield processes and to forecast techniques, three strategies were mentioned： （1） to introduce parameters that can reflect effects of multi-factor on soil erosion and sediment yield into the prediction model; （2） to build inhomogeneous plots where show inlaid vegetation in natural slope; and （3） to develop effective measurement techniques on erosive hydrodynamic force parameters.