论违法行政与主观过错的关系

ON THE RELATION BETWEEN UNLAWFUL ADMINISTRATIVEACT AND SUBJECTIVE FAULT

违法行政行为与行政主体的主观过错之间的关系十分复杂,违法行政行为是否需要以行政主体的主观过错为构成要件,必须根据具体情况具体分析,不能一概而论。行政主体的有过错行为必定是违法行为,但行政主体的违法行为则不一定是有过错的行为。在某些特殊场合,虽然行政主体主观上不存在过错,但是法律要求行政主体对其客观上违反法律规定的行为承担责任,这种行为也应视为违法行为。从总体上讲,行政主体的违法包括过错违法和无过错违法。

The relation between unlawful administrative act and subjective fault is quite complex.Whether the sub-jective fault of administrative subject is the constitutive element of unlawful administrative act depends on the analyses ofthe concrete cases. The faulty act of the administrative subject must be an unlawful act, but the unlawful act of the admin-istraive subject isn't certain to be a faulty act. In some special cireumstances, although the administrative subject has nosubjective fault, its act also should be regarded as unlawful act if it should take the liability of the act according to thelaw.In general,the unlawful act of administrative subject includes faulty unlawful act and the unlawful act which is notfaulty.