杭州市空巢老人主观幸福感与社会支持、应对方式的相关研究

Correlation among subjective well-being, social support, and coping style in empty-nest elderly in Hangzhou

目的：探讨社区空巢老人主观幸福感与社会支持、应对方式的关系。方法采用方便抽样法以杭州市社区225名空巢老人为研究对象，采用纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表、领悟社会支持量表和特质应对方式问卷进行调查。所得数据采用描述性统计、Person相关分析及逐步多元回归分析等方法进行处理。结果空巢老人的正性情感得分为（4.955±2.593）分，负性情感得分为（2.600±2.865）分，正性体验得分为（9.080±3.106）分，负性体验得分为（4.322±3.025）分，领悟社会支持总分及其各维度与主观幸福感呈正相关，积极应对与主观幸福感呈正相关，消极应对与主观幸福感呈负相关。积极应对和家庭内支持是主观幸福感的正向预测因子。结论社会支持和应对方式是社区空巢老人主观幸福感重要的影响因素。

Objective To explore the relationships among subjective sense of happiness and social support, coping style in empty-nest elderly in Hangzhou. Methods A total of 225 empty-nest elderly （ convenient sampling method） were assessed by scales including happiness scale made by Memorial University of Newfoudland, perceived social support scale and trait coping style questionnaire. All data utilized descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise multipe regression analysis. Results The positive affection for empty-nest elderly acquired （4. 955 ± 2. 593） scores, negative affection （2. 600 ± 2. 865） scores, positive experience （9. 080 ± 3. 106） scores, negative experience （ 4. 322 ± 3. 025 ） scores. The knowing of social support and each dimensions had positive correlation with the subjective sense of happiness, and the same with positive response, but negative response had negative correlation with the subjective sense of happiness. Positive response and family support were positive predictive factors for subjective sense of happiness. Conclusions Social support and coping style are the important influencing factors to subjective sense of happiness for empty-nest elderly in Hangzhou.