中晚唐监察体制与政局

SUPERVISION SYSTEM AND POLITICAL SITUATIONIN THE MIDDLE AND LATE TANG DYNASTY

唐代监察体制已日趋成熟和完备,形成了一张密布全国的监控百官之网。唐前期因监察职能的充分发挥,山现了史家盛称的“贞观之治”和“开元盛世”。但安史乱后监察权力就逐渐被宰相、宦官、节度使等侵夺、削弱,监察官丧失独立奏弹的权力,监察体制遭到严重破坏,致使晚唐呈现出宦官专权、藩镇割据、朋党之争等危局。

The supervision system in the Tang Dynasty was tending to maurity, forming a close net of supervising of-ficials and officers in the whole country. In the first half of the Tang Dynasty the full play of the function of supervisioncaused the 'governing the country loyally' and 'a great prosperous time at the beginning' called by historians.But afterthe disturbances of An and Shi, the supervision power was gradually usurped and weakened by prime ministers,eunuches,governors, etc., supervisors lost their power to impeach officials by themselves and the supervision system was seriouslydestroyed,which led to the dangerous state that eunuches usurped powere,local governors had their independent regimesand parties battled in the late Tang Dynasty.