低油价对致密油开发的影响及其应对措施

Impact of Low Oil Price on Tight Oil Development

进入21世纪,非常规油气的经济有效开发使全球油气供应格局产生重大变化,尤其是北美致密油产量快速增长,但最近一个时期的低油价使该领域的成本承受能力和发展情况备受关注。研究表明,低油价影响客观存在,各生产商都在采取相应措施,以控制和降低生产成本,增加产量,维持盈利水平。具体举措包括:下调投资,减少运营钻机数量;优化资产组合,将投资和钻机集中到"核心区";依靠技术进步,提高资本运营效率;将部分钻机由开采致密油转向开采页岩气等。在此基础上,提出了针对国内致密油资源特点,加强致密油提高采收率等技术创新,逐步提升致密油开发技术水平,降低致密油开发成本,积极推进致密油勘探开发对外合作,加速国内致密油开发进程等措施建议。

Economically-effective development of non-conventional oil and gas has led to significant changes in global oil and gas supply since the start of the 21 st century.Particularly,tight oil production has risen rapidly in North America.However,recent low oil price has caused concerns over cost-bearing capacity and development of tight oil.The study indicates that tight oil production in the United States will not substantially drop in a short term in despite influence of low oil price.Producers ha／e taken relative measures to control and lower production cost while increasing the output to maintain the profit.The concrete measures include reduction of investment and in-service rigs,optimization of assets portfolio,concentration of investment and rigs on the ＂key areas.＂ improvement of capital operation efficiency on the basis of technological progress,and use of partial rigs for production of shale gas instead of tight oil.Based on those efforts to meet the challenges,domestic oil companies are proposed to strengthen technological creation andcooperate with their foreign counterparts for light oil exploration and development.