炎症小体及其相关疾病的研究进展

Advances in inflammasome and inflammasome-related diseases

炎症小体是细胞内多种蛋白质组成的蛋白复合体,其形成可导致炎性天冬氨酸特异性的半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶(caspase)自我剪切,后者通过对促炎因子IL-1β和IL-18的激活,引起宿主的炎症反应,并抵抗病原微生物的入侵。通过应对多种多样的危险信号,炎症小体参与并调控了多种疾病。本文将讨论各种炎症小体的激活效应及机制,综述炎症小体及其相关分子基因突变或活性异常导致的疾病。对炎症小体在多种人类疾病中的作用机制进行研究,将为这些疾病的治疗提供坚实的理论基础和有效的治疗策略。

Inflammasomes are multi-protein complexes that trigger the activation of caspase-1 and the maturation of interleukin-1β（ IL-1β）,which are critical for inflammation and control of pathogen infection. Inflammasomes are involved in and regulate diversified diseases due to its capability to sense multiple danger signals. In this review,we present the activation and regulation mechanisms for different inflammasomes and discuss how genetic mutations in inflammasome-related genes or abnormal activity of inflammasomes lead to diseases. Insights into the role of inflammasome in various human diseases will provide sound theoretical basis and effective treatment strategy for these disease.