2000-2020年贵州省景观生态风险评估

Assessment of Landscape Ecological Risk of Guizhou Province from 2000 to 2020

【目的】探究贵州省景观生态风险时空变化规律。【方法】基于2000、2005和2010年贵州省土地利用数据,利用Markov和CLUE-S复合模型模拟出2020年土地利用状况,并以2000、2010和2020年土地利用数据为基础,通过景观结构构建景观生态风险指数,定量评估了研究区景观生态风险。【结果】结果表明:12000-2020年,研究区景观生态风险水平不断降低。研究区中东部和西部分别以等级较低的生态风险和等级较高的生态风险为主;2低生态风险、较低生态风险和中等生态风险之间转换是该区景观生态风险类型变化的主要特征。生态改善区和生态恶化区分别分布在研究区中部和西部,且都呈增长趋势;3地形起伏梯度上,各景观生态风险类型集中分布于3级以下,整体上呈现出1级>3级>2级>5级>4级的特点,且生态风险变化集中在1级、2级和3级。【结论】研究区景观生态风险趋于改善。自然条件优劣、人口压力以及退耕还林政策是影响研究区景观生态风险时空变化的重要因素。

[Objective]The aim of the study was to explore the temporal and spatial variations of landscape ecological risk in the Guizhou province.[Method]Based on the land use data of Guizhou province in 2000,2005 and 2010,the land use map in 2020 was simulated with the help of Markov and CLUE-S model.Landscape ecological risk index was quantitatively constructed by landscape structure theory.Landscape ecological risk was evaluated based on land use data in 2000,2010 and 2020.[Results]The results showed：① the level of landscape ecological risk de-creased from 2000 to 2020.The lower level and higher level of ecological risk mainly distributed in the east and west of study area,respectively;② the type of ecological risk transformed among low ecological risk,relatively low risk and moderate ecological risk.The improvement and degra-dation type atlas of landscape ecological risk were located in the central and west of the study are-a,respectively and there was a growing trend from 2000 to 2020.③ the ecological risk types mainly occurred in the first three gradient of landform relief with a trend of one gradient 〉 three gradient 〉 second gradient 〉 five gradient 〉 four gradient.The changes in ecological risk types were mainly in one,second and three gradients of landform relief.[Conclusion]The landscape ec-ological risk persistently decreased.The natural conditions,population pressures and the policy of reforestation of the cultivated land were important factors affecting landscape ecological risk.