公共交通调查方法及适用性分析

The Applicability Evaluation on Public Transit Survey

公共交通调查对城市公交行业十分重要。主流公交调查方法有跟车法、驻站法、IC卡数据法和小票法4种。在实践中,由于缺乏对每种方法适用性及核心特征的认识,往往投入了大量人力、物力、时间而效率低下。通过剖析公交出行特征,指出每种方法的适用性,并进一步指出小票法和IC卡数据法在公交调查能力上具有互补性。小票法获取的OD是公交线路而不是公交系统OD,适用于换乘率较低的城市,但可以配合IC卡数据法实现对公交换乘率高的城市的公交调查,通过二者组合拓展调查适用范围。

Transit Survey is very important for the public transportation system. There are 4 major public transport survey methods.Starting from the efficiency and utility analysis, this paper studies some critical feature parameters on public transit survey. By introducing the Ticket Survey Method, it is clearly proposed that the OD obtained by Ticket Survey Method turns out to be the OD of transit lines, not the OD of the whole public transit system. Besides, the limitations and possiblo applications are analyzed and the countermeasures for further improvement are also put forward. At last, a case study illustrates the application of Ticket Survey Method in a transit planning in practice.