认知和情绪词Flanker任务的冲突效应和冲突适应效应分析

Cognitive and Affective Conflict and Conflict Adaptation in Flanker Word Task

采用词汇flanker任务分析认知和情绪冲突及其冲突适应效应。结果发现,在认知和情绪flanker任务中,相对于目标词与干扰词一致的情况,被试在目标词和干扰词不一致的情况下反应更慢,正确率更低。这表明认知词和情绪词flanker任务都能诱发冲突效应。本研究还发现认知冲突适应效应的存在,但没有发现情绪冲突适应效应,该结果可能与刺激材料的复杂性和范式选取有关。此外,研究还发现,相对于目标刺激是金属的认知词和积极的情绪词,被试对目标刺激是水果的认知词和消极的情绪词反应更快。特别是在目标词与干扰词不一致的情况下,被试对水果词和消极词判断的正确率要显著高于对金属词和积极词的判断。未来的研究需要在刺激和范式的修正上进一步探索,并加强情绪冲突与认知冲突适应效应的关系及其影响因素、神经机制的研究。

Conflict is currently one of the hot topics in psychology, but the stimulus use or paradigm is the key point that will probably have influence on the validity of findings from the study in the conflict effect and conflict adaptation effect. The present study examined the cognitive and emotional conflict effect and conflict adaptation effect using flanker word task. The result revealed that the response to the incongruent trials was significantly slower and the accuracy was significantly lower than that to the congruent trials in both cognitive and emotional flanker word task, suggesting that either cognitive or emotional word flanker task can produce the conflict effect. The study also found the cognitive conflict adaptation effect, but the emotional conflict adaptation effect was not found due to the task difficulty or different paradigms. Furthermore, the responses to fruit words and negative emotional words were significantly faster than those to metal words and positive emotional words. The accuracy to fruit word and negative emotional word was significantly higher than that to metal word and positive emotional word, especially when the target words and distracters were incongruent. Therefore, future studies may make further improvements on the stimuli or paradigms and heighten the role of neural mechanism on emotional conflict adaptation effect and its relationship to the cognitive conflict adaptation effect.