文学人类学视阈下“雅各诡计”的新解读

A New Interpretation of“the Trick of Jacob”under the Perspective of Literary Anthropology

希伯来第三代族长雅各是圣经中至关重要的人物之一,他早年巧取孪生兄长以扫"长子名分"的一系列行动历来为人们所诟病。然而,弗雷泽独具慧眼,在《<旧约>中的民俗》一书中从人类学角度出发,对"雅各诡计"进行了全新解读:《旧约·创世纪》处于末子继承制向长子继承制过渡的复杂时代,作为次子的雅各才是真正的合法继承人;乔装打扮时所用的羔羊皮实际上是对"山羊产子"仪式的合法拟制。在澄清神学视野、提供世俗化阐释上,弗雷泽为读者从其他角度对圣经人物进行多元形象分析提供了颇有助益的启迪。

The third patriarch of Hebrew generation Jacob is one of the important characters in the Bible. Peo-ple always criticize it as a series of actions of taking the Firstbirth right from his twin brother Esau’s in the early age. However, James Gorge Fraser gives a new interpretation on the“the Trick of Jacob”from the per-spective of anthropology in Folklore in the Old Testament：genesis is in the complex era which the system of inheritance is from the youngest son to the eldest son, as the second son of Jacob is the true heir;the disguis-ing skin is actually used for a＂goat＂ceremony of legal fiction. On the clarification the theological vision, pro-viding the secular interpretation, Fraser helps the readers that they could analysis the biblical figures from oth-er multivariate perspective.