护理实习生见习阶段人际沟通能力的培养研究

Research on cultivation of interpersonal communication ability at the stage of probation for nursing students

目的探讨以问题为基础的教学法(PBL)对见习阶段护理实习生人际沟通能力培养的效果。方法随机抽取护理专业见习阶段126名实习生,分成对照组和实验组,每组63名。对照组应用传统教学模式,实验组应用PBL教学方法,课程结束后,对学生进行问卷调查并统计分析两组学生考试平均成绩、对考试平均成绩的满意度、学生与患者沟通评价测量得分、积极心理品质评分。结果与对照组考试平均成绩比较[(72.34±3.12)分],实验组成绩[(87.98±4.85)分]明显提高,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。与对照组(39.68%)比较,实验组对考试平均成绩的满意度(74.60%)明显提高(P<0.01)。与对照组比较,实验组在沟通前准备[(20.21±2.26)分]、沟通技巧运用[(34.08±3.45)分]、沟通后评价[(28.34±4.22)分]3条目的得分均明显升高,差异高度有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与对照组比较,实验组相关积极心理品质评分升高或明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论PBL教学法相对于传统的授课方法,有助于整体提高见习阶段护理实习生人际沟通能力。

Objective To explore the effects of problem-based learning （PBL） approach on cultivation of interpersonal communication ability in nursing trainees. Methods A total of 126 nursing students were recruited randomly and divid- ed into control group and experimental group, each group had 63 cases. Traditional teaching approach was used in con- trol group, while PBL approach was applied in experimental group. After the curriculum finished, questionnaire investi- gation was taken, and average examination score, satisfaction of score, scores of interpersonal communication, active psychological traits scores were evaluated and compared. Results Compared with control group [（72.34±3.12） scores], average examination score of experimental group [（87.98±4.85） scores] increased significantly （P 〈 0.01）. Compared with control group （39,68%）, satisfaction of score increased significantly in the experimental group （74.60%）, with sta- tistically significant difference （P 〈 0.01）. Compared with control group, score of prepare before interpersonal communica- tion [（20.21±2.26） scores], application of interpersonal skill [（34.08±3.45） scores], evaluation of post-communication [（28.34± 4.22） scores] increased significantly in the experimental group （P 〈 0.01）. Meanwhile, compared with control group, ac- tive psychological traits scores in experimental group increased （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion Compared with tra- ditional teaching method, PBL method has more effect on improving interpersonal communication ability in nursing trainees.