缓倾斜多层矿床充填法开采围岩变形及回采顺序试验研究

Experimental study of deformation of wall rock and stoping sequence in mining gently inclined and multilayer deposits by backfill mining

根据缓倾斜多层矿床特征,构建物理相似材料模型,采用相似模拟试验方法,研究前进式和后退式回采顺序开采矿床的围岩应变变化、巷道围岩应变变化和地表沉降及其演变规律,探讨嗣后充填采矿法回采上横山矿合理的回采顺序。结果表明:围岩的变形破坏依矿、岩层不同呈现出明显的不连续性和间歇性,矿、岩层边界附近应变变化梯度较大;前进式回采较后退式回采拉应变状态区域少15.28%;随采场与巷道间距的增加,巷道顶板和近矿体侧帮应变状态具有压应变向拉应变变化的趋势;地表沉降范围具有不以采空区为中心对称的特点。前进式回采顺序是较好的回采顺序。

Based on the characteristics of gently inclined and multilayer ore body, a similitude material model has been constructed through similar simulation experiment, to analyze its strain variation of stope and roadway surrounding rock, surface subsidence deformation characteristics in advancing and retreating filling stoping mining and discuss the reasonable mining sequence in mining Shanghengshan mine by subsequent filling method. The result shows that the deformation of surrounding rock has ob-vious characteristics of intermittency and discontinuousness in different strata, and strain near the rock and ore body contact area has greater gradient variation. The tensile strain area in advancing mining is 15.28%less than that of retreating mining. The strain state in tunnel roof and sidewall far from the ore tends to change from compressed to tensed one with the distance between stope and tunnel increasing. In addition, the ground settlement range is not symmetrical centered with the gob. The advancing min-ing method is one of the better mining sequences.