老年人抗菌药物药源性疾病的研究分析

Research and Analysis of Antibacterial Drug Induced Disease of Aged People

目的：研究探讨老年人抗菌药物药源性疾病的规律及特点,为临床安全、合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。方法：对某院2006年2月～2014年3月间收治的老年人抗菌药物药源性疾病病例进行统计分析。结果：共收集病例136例,涉及该院38种抗菌药物。136例老年患者中,男性62例,女性74例;患者年龄最小63岁,最大96岁;按药物分类前3位分别为喹诺酮类（33例）、青霉素类（25例）、头孢菌素类（21例）;原发疾病涉及的主要系统以呼吸系统、消化系统、泌尿系统多见;药源性疾病发生时间在用药5d内患者较多,有96例（70.59%）;药源性疾病主要表现为过敏反应52例（38.24%）,其次是毒性反应31例（22.79%）;发生率较多的给药途径为静脉滴注,有83例（61.03%）。结论：医护人员需重视老年人抗菌药物药源性疾病,合理应用抗菌药物并积极进行用药监护,为安全、有效的抗感染治疗提供依据。

Purpose To approach the regularity and characteristics of antibacterial drug induced disease of aged people , to apply antibacterial drug safely and reasonably. Method To statistical analysis the antibacterial drug induced disease of aged people in a certain hospital during February 2006 to March 2014. Result 136 cases were collected, including 38 antibacterial drugs in this hospital, including 62 male and 74 female; the youngest one is 63 years old, the oldest one is 96 years old; the first three categories of antibacterial drugs are quinolones（33 cases）, penicillins（25 cases） and cephalosporins（21 cases）; the most common systems involved in the primary disease are respiratory system, alimentary system and urinary system; the cases with the onset time of drug induced disease in 5 days is the most, with 96 cases （70.59%）; the common manifestations of drug induced disease are allergic response（52 cases,38.24%）,toxic reaction （31 cases, 22.79%）;the most common administration route is intravenous drip, with 83 cases （61.03%） Conclusion Medical personnel should think highly of antibacterial drug induced disease of aged people , apply the antibacterial drug reasonably and monitor medication actively, to provide accordance with safe and effective anti-infective therapy.