圆环镦粗分流面变化规律的探讨

Study on change laws of divergent surface during ring upsetting process

利用数值模拟方法对圆环镦粗过程进行研究,确定了摩擦因子、压下量、形状因子等因素对分流面的形状和位置的影响,并通过理论值进行验证。结果表明:分流面在截面上并不是一条直线,而是呈中部内凸/外凸曲线、近似直线三种状态;分流面的位置随着摩擦因子、压下量的增加先外移后内移,随着形状因子λ增加逐渐内移;分流面半径与圆环内径的比值R分/r内随着摩擦因子、压下量的增大而增大,随着形状因子λ增大而减小,因此,以圆环内壁为参照,分流面的变化过程为先靠近圆环内壁,再与之重合,最后远离圆环内壁。

The ring upsetting process has been studied by use of numerical simulation method. The influence of like friction factor, press-down volume and shape factor to the shape and position of divergent surface has been determined and validated by theoretical value. The results show that the divergent surface is not a straight line on the cross section, but has three states like the central inner convex/outer convex curve and the approximate linear. The position of divergent surface moves outward then inwards when the friction factor and reduction increase, and gradually moves inwards with the increase of shape factor k. The ratio of radius of divergent surface to ring increases with the increase of friction factor and reduction, and reduces with the crease of shape factor k. Therefore, taking the ring inside wall as reference, the divergent surface is firstly close to ring inside wall, then overlapping it, and finally far away from it.