航空官兵睡眠障碍状况及相关因素分析

Sleeping Quality of Aviation and the Related Factors

目的:调查航空官兵睡眠障碍状况及相关因素,为改善航空官兵的睡眠质量提供依据。方法:采用整群分层抽样方法,以匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、自尊量表(SES)、压力知觉量表(PSS)、健康调查量表(SF-36)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)评定航空官兵的睡眠状况及其影响因素。结果:1PSQI>7者390人,占29.37%,7≥PSQI>5者229人,占17.24%;2PSQI总分与PSS总分(r=0.41,P<0.01)、SES总分(r=0.22,P<0.01)、生理机能(PF)(r=-0.14,P<0.01)、生理职能(RP)(r=-0.28,P<0.01)、躯体疼痛(BP)(r=-0.52,P<0.01)、社会功能(SF)(r=0.23,P<0.01)、情感职能(RE)(r=-0.326,P<0.01)、健康变化(HT)(r=0.17,P<0.01)、精神质(P)(F=2.32,P<0.01)、神经质(N)(F=12.73,P<0.01)、掩饰因子(L)(F=4.15,P<0.01)存在相关性;3神经质、躯体疼痛、情感职能、健康变化、压力知觉量表总分进入线性回归方程。结论:航空官兵整体上存在睡眠障碍,应值得重视;其严重程度及发病情况受官兵的年龄、性格特点、对压力的感受性、心理状态及身体健康水平等多方面的影响,其中知觉压力的认知过程起到了介导作用。

Objective： To provide the evidence of improving the sleeping quality of aviation soldiers by investigating the sleeping status and analyzing the related factors. Methods： By cluster sampling, 1373 soldiers received the evaluation on sleeping quality and involved factors with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality In- dex （PSQI）, The Self- Esteem Scale, The Perceived Stress Scale ,the MOS Item Short from Health Survey （ SF - 36）, The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （ EPQ ）. Results： （1）The total scores of PSQI of 390 survey participants were 〉7 ,the incidence rate was 29.37% ;The total Scores of PSQI of 229 survey par- ticipants were between 5 ~ 7, the incidence rate was 17.24%. （2）There were significant correlations among the sleep quality and the total score of PSS（r =0.41 ,P 〈0.01 ） ,the total score of SES（r =0.22,P 〈 0.01） ,PF（r =4）. 14,P 〈0.01） ,RP（r =4）.28,P 〈0.01） ,BP（r =4）.52,P 〈0.01） ,SF（r =0.23,P 〈 0.01） ,RE（r =-0.326,P 〈0.01）,HT（r =0.17,P 〈0.01）,P（F =2.32,P 〈0.01）,N（F = 12.73,P 〈 0.01 ）, L （ F = 4.15, P 〈 0.01 ）. （3）N, BP, RE, HT and the total score of PSS entered into the equation of linear regression equation. Conclusion： Sleep disorder of aviation is rather common. The sleeping qual- ity may be influenced by multiple factors：Age, personality, mental health, physical health. The feeling of perceived stress plays a mediating role.