团体正念认知训练对大学生焦虑水平的影响

The Effect of Group Mindfulness- based Cognitive Practice on College Students' Anxiety

目的:探究团体正念认知训练对改善大学生焦虑水平的作用。方法:以15名自愿参与并经过筛选的大学生作为被试,进行每周1次总共8次的团体正念认知训练。干预前中后期均采用状态-特质焦虑问卷、焦虑自评量表以及五因素正念评估量表对成员进行施测。同时,收集成员的主观报告并作定性分析,探究正念对个体的具体影响。结果:1状态-特质焦虑问卷:在状态焦虑水平上,中测相较前测,后测相较前测,分数降低都具有显著性(t=3.423,5.968;P<0.01);在特质焦虑水平上,中测相较前测,后测相较中测,后测相较前测,分数降低都具有显著性(t=2.484,2.409,0.05;t=5.154,P<0.01);2焦虑自评量表:中测相较前测,后测相较前测,分数降低都具有显著性(t=5.530,5.614;P<0.01);3五因素正念评估量表:在"有觉知地行动"1项上,分数呈现先显著下降后显著上升的趋势,正念水平整体有所提高;4成员主观报告正念在缓解焦虑、改善个体身心健康与生活状态方面有积极作用。结论:团体正念认知训练对改善大学生焦虑水平以及提升其身心健康水平具有良好效果。

Objective ： To explore the effect of group mindfulness - based cognitive practice on college students＇ anxiety. Methods： Fifteen undergraduates were offered eight week mindfulness - based cognitive practice. All participants took the State -Trait Anxiety Inventory （STAI）, Self- Rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire （FFMQ）before and after the group intervention and in a mid - term. Meanwhile, the participants were interviewed, and the specific impacts of mindfulness were analyzed. Results： （1） STAI ： In the state - anxiety level, score declined and there were significant differ- ence between pretest and mid - test,pretest and posttest, （ t = 3. 423,5. 968 ;P 〈 0.01 ） ; In the trait - anxiety level, score declined and there were significant difference between pretest and mid -test, mid - test and posttest, pre - test and post - test, （ t = 2. 484,2. 409,5. 154 ; P 〈 0.05 ）. （2） SAS ： Compared with the pre - test scores, the mid - test scores decreased significantly（ t = 5. 530,P 〈 0.01 ）, the post - test scores decreased significantly compared with the pre - test scores （ t = 5. 614, P 〈 0.01 ）. （3） FFMQ ： In the subscale of act with awareness, the scores first decreased and then rose significantly. The globe mind- fulness scores also increased. （4） The subjective report showed that mindfulness had a positive effect on re- ducing anxiety, improving the level of mental health and life satisfaction. Conclusion： Group mindfulness - based cognitive practice may be a prospective approach to reduce college students＇anxiety and improve mental health.