连词与口语语篇的互动性

Conjunctions and interactivity of spoken discourses

本文基于语料库调查了71个常用连词在口语中的互动性。研究表明,连词是表征口语互动性强弱的重要参数之一,其使用频次与所处口语语篇的互动性等级正相关。口语语篇中,互动性程度越高,连词(包括话语标记用法)的出现频次越多。口语互动中,连词的句法位置非常灵活,可居于话轮首、话轮中与话轮尾。从话轮构建的层面来看,口语中的连词功能丰富多样,具体说来:话轮之首的连词,多用于开启话轮与抢占话轮;话轮之中的连词,多用于延续话轮;话轮之尾的连词,多与话轮转换有关。文章还比较了口语语篇与书面语篇中连词的分布差异,发现口语中连词的运用明显高于书面语。这说明连词的高频使用是口语语篇的一个显著特征。

This paper,based on a large-scale corpus,investigates the interactivity of 71 commonly used conjunctions in spoken Chinese discourses.The results reveal the function of the conjunctions as the parameter in their impact upon the interactivity of spoken interactions.A positive correlation is observed between the occurrence frequency of conjunctions and the interactivity of spoken discourses.Among different types of spoken discourses,the higher the degree of interactivity regarding the discourse,the higher frequency of conjunctions is found.The placement of conjunctions is rather flexible in spoken interactions.They occur in the initial,middle,and/or the final positions of a turn,serving respectively as the turn-opening,turn-keeping,and turn-transforming elements.A comparison is also made in the distribution of the conjunctions in spoken and written data,with the result showing that the occurrence frequency in this regard in spoken discourse is obviously higher than that in written texts.