土壤有机质测定方法述评与展望

Review on Detection Methods of Soil Organic Matter(SOM)

有机质是土壤的重要组成部分,是判定土壤质量动态变化的重要标准。为了便于了解当前土壤有机质测定方法的优点和局限性,利于今后有机质研究和测定工具的开发,本文对当前测定有机质的方法,包括干烧法、湿烧法、化学氧化法、灼烧法和土壤有机质光谱测定法进行了阐述,分析了各方法的优缺点以及研究中适宜选择的方法,并对当今农业的需求和测定方法的不足,提出了研究无损、原位测量有机质工具的构想,展望了土壤有机质快速测定方法的发展趋势,以此为精准农业的实施和农业的可持续发展,提供基本的信息及建议。

SOM is a major component of soil, playing an important role in determining the dynamic changes of soil quality. In order to conveniently understand the limitations of current detection methods of SOM for developing new measurement tools for SOM, this paper firstly summarized the current measuring methods of SOM, including dry combustion method, titration method, chemical oxidation, loss-on-ignition method and spectrometric method; secondly, analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of all methods and discussed the optimal method; thirdly, proposed an ideal about in-situ and nondestructive measurement tool with regards to agricultural requirement and measurement method＇s shortcomings; finally, discussed the prospect of rapid determination in future research. This paper is hoped to provide fundamental information support and proposal for precise agriculture implementation and sustainable agricultural development.