不同采摘期对库尔勒香梨果实品质的影响

Study on the Best Harvest Time of Xinjiang Korla Pear

【目的】研究不同采摘期对库尔勒香梨果实品质的影响,确定最佳采摘期,为适时采收库尔勒香梨提供理论依据。【方法】选取生长势相近的香梨树,8月20日开始取样,每隔10 d取一次样品,共取样6次,测定其各项品质指标,并进行主成分分析。【结果】随着采摘期的推迟,果实水分含量和硬度逐渐下降,单果重、可溶性固形物、VC及总糖含量呈上升趋势,果形指数及可滴定酸含量不断降低。主成分分析表明,可以选取水分含量和平均单果重两个指标为库尔勒香梨优良品质性状的综合指标。不同采摘期库尔勒香梨品质排名顺序由大到小为:9月29日>10月9日>9月19日>9月9日>8月30日>8月20日。【结论】库尔勒香梨最佳的品质采摘期为9月29日(花后178 d)。

【Objective】In order to determine the best harvest time of pear,and provide a theoretical basis for timely harvest. The effects of different harvest time for Korla Pear on the quality were studied.【Method】The similar growth potential of fragrant pears was selected for the experiment. On August 20 the sampling work began,the samples were got for every 10 days and repeated six times to determine the quality,the principal component analysis was used for the experiment.【Result】The results showed that moisture content and hardness was decreased,weight,soluble solids,VC and total sugar content were raised,fruit shape index and titratable acid content declined with the delaying of the harvest time. The principal component analysis showed that the moisture content and the average weight can be selected for the Korla Pear quality traits. The order of quality of Korla Pear ranked for the different harvest time was as follows： September 29 October 9 September19 September 9 30 August 20 August.【Conclusion】September 29（ 178 days after flowering） was the best time to pick Korla Pear.