基于细胞色素b基因序列分析我国鲑亚科鱼类系统发育关系和不同虹鳟养殖群体遗传变异

Phylogenetic Relationships among Members in Salmoninae and Genetic Variation among Different Populations of Rainbow Trout Farmed in China Based on Cytb Sequence

采用PCR技术扩增了中国不同虹鳟群体的细胞色素b基因,对虹鳟不同养殖群体进行了遗传多样性分析,并与鲑亚科中其他5属11个物种的细胞色素b基因进行同源性比较,建立了主要养殖鲑亚科鱼类的系统关系。试验结果显示,虹鳟种内本地虹鳟群体遗传距离最小(0.001),道氏群体最高(0.004)。种间遗传距离以哲罗鲑与马苏大麻哈鱼的遗传距离最大(0.127),其次为哲罗鲑与银大麻哈鱼(0.123),以远东红点鲑和美洲红点鲑的最近(0.003)。聚类分析表明,同属的鱼均能单独聚类,哲罗鱼属和细鳞鱼属聚在一起,鲑属与红点鲑属聚在一起。虹鳟不同群体间并没有单独聚类,提示不同虹鳟群体间没有发生明显的遗传分化。

The Cytb sequences were amplified by PCR technique, and genetic diversity was analyzed in different populations of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mylkiss farmed in China. The phylogenetic re]ationships among members in Salmoninae were established by comparing with the sequences from eleven other species representing five genera in subfamily Salmoninae. The results showed that the local rainbow trout population （0. 001） had the minimal intraspecies genetic distance, and Donaldsons population the maximal （0.004）.In the interspecies, however, there was the maximal genetic distance （0. 127） between taimen Hucho taimen and masou salmon O. masou, followed by between taimen and coho salmon O. kisutch（0. 123）and the minimal genetic distances between Siberian char Salvelinus leucomaenis and brook trout S.fontialis （0. 003 ）. Clustering analysis revealed that fish in the same genus was separately clustered,lenok Brachymystax and Hucho being clustered together, and Oncorhynchus and Salvelinus being clustered together. No clustering was observed in the individuals of different rainbow trout populations,indicating thai different populations of rainbow trout seem to have no significant genetic differentiation.