多路况指标下的高速公路应急物资选址方案评价

Assessment for the freeway emergency resource placement scheme under multi-indicators of actual road conditions

为了筛选合理的应急资源布局位置,阐述了以实际路况评价应急物资选址的合理性,提出了以实际路况指标为基础构建的选址方案评价模型。考虑到城市道路和高速公路的阻因不同,将主要影响应急物资选址的路况属性量化。通过对应急车辆驾驶员的调查获得路况指标权重,引入模糊评价用以区分路况指标值接近的最优选址方案,经实例分析证明了该选址方案评价方法的可行性。研究表明,良好的选址方案应具备动态交通因素影响小、通行路径道路等级高、行驶里程短、平面交叉口和转弯次数少的特点。

In order to screen the reasonable resource locations for the emergency rescue resource upon the freeway,the present paper has elaborately prepared a rational scheme of the actual road condition proposal as an evaluation method for the said purpose. What is more,the paper has also introduced an evaluation model based on the actual road indicators. In hoping to describe the model more accurately and purposefully,we have accordingly quantified the actual road conditions that are mainly likely to affect the emergency rescue,while considering the different attributes of the urban road and the highways. Thus,it is better to divide the model into 2 aspects： the static road conditions and the dynamic road conditions. Precisely speaking,the static road conditions may include the road grade,mileage,intersection and turning frequency,whereas the dynamic road conditions are referred to as the traffic congestion degrees. What is more,weights of road condition indicators both of the urban roads and the freeway are supposed to be derived from a survey on the drivers of emergency vehicles,while the drivers who get involved in the survey may surely believe that the dynamic traffic factors tend to have the greatest impact on the emergency rescue acts. Once standardized,different indicators which are intended to describe the road conditions can be organized into a systematic model. Besides,the paper has also introduced a fuzzy qualitative assessment method to distinguish between the different location schemes if the indicator number of 2 schemes were very similar to each other,with their own feasibility of the evaluation method well proved by a case study. From what is said above,it can be concluded that a perfect location scheme should primarily possess a preferable attribute of the dynamic traffic factors and a higher roadway grade. Shorter traveling mileage doesn＇t seem to be so important as we used to think in emergency rescue,and less intersection and turning frequency would be essential for a desirable scheme. Thus,all the above analysis indicates that the present model can help to provide a radically useful approach to a location scheme of emergency rescues,while all the hard-controllable factors are taken into full account. Needless to say,it would be of great significance to take the advantages of the toll collection data of freeway in hoping to save time and cost for the emergency displacement.