不同织物构造PPS滤料对PM_(2.5)的过滤特性影响分析

Influential factors of different fabric structures of PPS filter material on the PM_(2.5) removing efficiency

针对纤维细度、纤维横截面形状、面层后处理工艺对PM2.5的过滤效率及阻力的影响问题,分别选用1#面层含100%2.22 dtex PPS纤维经PTFE浸渍、2#面层含50%PPS细纤维不经PTFE浸渍、3#面层含50%PPS细纤维经PTFE浸渍、4#面层含50%PPS三叶形纤维不经PTFE浸渍、5#面层含50%PPS三叶形纤维经PTFE浸渍、6#面层PTFE覆膜、7#面层含50%PPS细纤维和50%PTFE超细纤维的7种PPS滤料进行过滤性能试验。在环境气溶胶中,采用清洁滤料进行过滤试验研究。结果表明,1 m/min风速下对PM2.5的过滤效率从大到小为6#(81%)、7#(80%)、3#(76%)、5#(72%)、1#(63%)、2#(47%)、4#(41%),各因素中PTFE乳液浸渍后处理工艺的影响最为显著,面层纤维采用细纤维截面设计和三叶形截面设计都能有效增加滤料对PM2.5的过滤效率。过滤阻力方面,6#覆膜滤料随过滤风速增大阻力迅速上升;其他6种滤料的阻力较接近,上升缓慢。过滤品质因数Q值方面,相对于常规滤料,面层中混入细纤维或三叶形纤维滤料的Q增大;提高面层中细纤维比例,也能使Q增大;覆膜滤料效率虽高,但阻力较大,Q最小。

This paper is aimed to study the PM2. 5filtration efficiency and the resistance of the filter materials. In considering the three factors involved,it is necessary to taken into full account the fiber fineness,the fiber＇s cross section shape and the posttreatment technology to be adopted. With the ideas in mind,we have conducted the experiments by using 7 kinds of PPS filtering materials in different surface layers： 1#（ 100% 2. 22 dtex PPS fiber）; 2#（ 50% fine PPS fiber without PTFE impregnated）; 3 #（ 50% fine PPS fiber with PTFE impregnated）; 4#（ 50% trefoil PPS fiber without PTFE impregnated）; 5#（ 50% trefoil PPS fiber with PTFE impregnated）; 6#（ PTFE coated on the surface）;and,last of all,7#（ 50% fine PPS fiber and 50% PTFE superfine fiber with PTFE impregnated）. All the above said experiments have been conducted in the environmental aerosols via the clean filtering material. The results of our experiments indicate that the PM2. 5filtration efficiency of different filtering materials follows the following descending order： 6#（ 81%） 7#（ 80%） 3#（ 76%） 5#（ 72%） 1#（ 63%） 2#（ 47%） 4#（ 41%） at the wind velocity of 1 m / min. We have also found the PTFE emulsion impregnated post-processing method most effective in improving the filtration efficiency in removing PM2. 5.The filtration efficiency of PM2. 5can also found heightened by suing the surface layer made of fine fiber or trefoil fiber. What is more,we have also noted that the filtration resistance of No. 6 can be increased quickly with the increase of filtration velocity,however,the other six materials have been made known increasing slowly with the increase of filtration velocity. As to the resistances of different filtering materials（ except 6#）,they have been identified quite close to each other. The other results also indicate that the Q value can be obviously ameliorated by introducing fine fiber or trefoil fiber into the surface layer,or by adding the percentage of the fine fibers to the surface layer. Thus,it can be said that,although the PTFE coated material enjoys high filtration efficiency,it is still necessary to keep the minimum Q value due to its high resistance.