《米德尔马契》中的日常生活批判

Criticism of Everyday Life in Middlemarch

乔治·艾略特的《米德尔马契》,对日常生活的描写一向处于被忽视或被误读的状态。实际上,通过对貌似普通的日常生活的描绘,作者一方面戏仿式地抨击了19世纪以来被专业分工所异化的日常生活,一方面悖谬式地嘲讽了维多利亚时期被庸俗生活观念所吞噬的日常生活,以此完成了对维多利亚时代日常生活的深刻批判。同时,作者以同样来自日常生活的爱情、艺术、进取心作为救赎日常生活的手段,表明日常生活同时包含着吞噬力量与拯救希望,最终从存在论上回答了"人应该如何生活"这一命题。

Description of everyday life in George Eliot Middlemarch has long been neglected or misunderstood. Actually, on the one hand, the author parodies the everyday life of the 19 th century, which had been alienated by specialization; on the other hand, he taunts the everyday life which had been swallowed by the vulgar middle class, by which he critically criticizes the everyday life of the Victorian era. Meanwhile, with love, art, and enterprise a means of salvation for the everyday life, the author indicates that the everyday life, too, contains the engulfing power and salvation hope, and eventually answers the question of ＂how people ought to live＂.