2010-2014年某综合医院住院死亡病例分析

Hospitalized death cases at a comprehensive hospital from 2010 to 2014

目的了解某三甲综合医院死亡病例现状，探讨住院患者根本死因构成，寻求降低医院病死率的途径和方法。方法遵循国际疾病分类标准（ICD-10），利用Excel和SPSS19．0对2010年1月至2014年12月某院死亡的2266份病例进行回顾性统计分析。结果某院2010-2014年病死率为2．85％男性患者病死率明显高于女性；年龄与病死率之间存在很强的正相关性（r=0．985，P〈0．001），不同年龄段患者病死率存在显著性差异（χ^2=949．074，P〈0．001）；根本死因顺位前3位疾病依次为：恶性肿瘤、循环系统疾病和呼吸系统疾病，占总死亡病例数的82．26％。结论加强中老年患者护理，关注男性患者治疗，合理优化医疗资源，完善医疗设施，提升肿瘤、慢性病治疗水平，是降低医院病死率，提高患者生命质量的保障。

Objective To understand the information of a comprehensive hospital＇s death cases, study the causes of the inpatients＇ death, and seek some methods for reducing hospital mortality. Methods According to the standard of International Classification of Diseases （ICD-10）, January, 2010 to December, 2014, 2266 hospitalized death cases were retrospectively and statistically analyzed by Excel and SPSS 19.0. Results 2010 to 2014, the court case mortality rate of the hospital was 2.85%; the case fatality rate of male patients was higher than that of female; there was a strong positive correlation between age and mortality（r=0.985, P〈0.001）; there were statistical differences in case fatality rate between the patients of different ages （χ^2=949.074, P〈0.001）; the top 3 death causes were malignant neoplasms, circulatory diseases, and the diseases of respiratory system, accounting for 82.26% of the total. Conclusions The nursing care of elderly patients should be strengthened, more attention paid to male patients＇ treatment, medical resources optimized, medical facilities improved, and the treatment level of tumor and chronic disease enhanced to reduce hospital mortality rate and improve the quality of life in patients.