国有控股、参股公司、企业中国家工作人员身份认定问题探析

Analysis of the Identification of National Staff in State-controlling and State-participating Company and Enterprise

国有企业改制后的国有控股公司、企业以及国有参股公司、企业中的国家工作人员在身份上如何认定,始终是司法实践中的难题。一般情况下,对于国家工作人员身份的认定,可以从所在公司、企业的性质、委派的主体以及是否从事公务三个方面判断。但是,社会政治经济的发展使刑法及相关司法解释在处理国有控股公司、企业以及国有参股公司、企业中国家工作人员的职务犯罪问题时已明显滞后,建议通过扩大委派主体的范围、取消国有控股、参股公司、企业中国家工作人员与非国家工作人员的身份差别来实现刑法的平等保护,以解决实践中国家工作人员身份认定上的难题。

After the reform of state-owned enterprises,the identification of national staff in state-controlling and stateparticipating company and enterprise has been a difficult problem in practice.The general case for identification of national staff can be seen from the following three aspects：one is the nature of the company and enterprise;the other is the subject of the delegate;and the third is whether the staff is engaged in official business or not.Because of the development of social politics and economy,criminal law and related judicial interpretations in treatment of duty crime of state-controlling and stateparticipating company and enterprise have obviously lagged behind.Therefore it is suggested to expand the scope of appointed body and cancel the identity difference between the working staff who worked in state-controlling and state-participating enterprise and someone who worked in private enterprise,so as to equally protect their rights by criminal law,and solve the problem of identification of the status of national staff in practice.