飞散视角下托尼·莫里森的写作

Searching for the Spiritual Homeland:Study of Toni Morrison's Novels from the Perspective of Diaspora

飞散文学一般讲述的是飞散者对精神家园的追寻。随着全球化浪潮和移民动机多元化,现在的飞散者已不再具有特定的"受害心态",家园已不再是一种实际的地缘存在,而更多的是一种精神的归属感和文化身份的认同感。作为跨文化的飞散者,托尼·莫里森在小说创作中进行了跨民族、跨边界、跨文化的思考,并致力于黑人精神家园的构建。她运用黑人特有的意指语言,描述美国黑人"无根"的苦楚,通过展示各个人物从"暗恐"到"归家"的经历,在追寻黑人话语传统的同时,表现出非裔飞散者对精神家园的渴求。在追寻的过程中发现,非裔飞散者不仅要在白人强势文化的包围中努力使自己的文化生根、发芽,而且还要通过内部的互相爱护与帮助、种族间的互相包容,实现最终的家园梦想和多元文化共存的理想。

Generally speaking,Diaspora literature is the story of the Diasporas who pursue their spiritual homeland.With the diversification of immigrant motivation under the influence of globalization,the present Diaspora do not have the specific victimhood any longer.Home is not an actual geographical place any more,but a sense of belonging and cultural identity.As a crosscultural Diaspora,Toni Morrison provides a unique perspective in her novels by making a cross-nation,cross-border and crossculture reflection,and devotes herself to build the African American spiritual homeland.She describes African American＇s sorrow of rootless by making use of the signifying language and pursuing the African American＇s discourse tradition.By presenting the characters＇experience from＂uncanny ＂to＂homecoming＂,she shows their thirst for the spiritual homeland.In the process of pursuit,it is found that the African American Diasporas can realize their dream of homecoming and the idealized condition of multicultural coexistence not only by developing their own culture,but also by the mutual love and help in their own race and the tolerance between the races.