基于流动人口特征的环洞庭湖区县域城镇化的水平和性质分析

ANALYSIS ON LEVEL AND QUALITY OF URBANIZATION OF COUNTIES IN DONGTING LAKE AREA BASED ON POPULATION MIGRATION CHARACTERISTICS

改革开放以来,中国的人口迁流带有明显异地城镇化的性质,这种跨大区域的异地城镇化对人口流入区和人口流出区的影响是不同的。以环洞庭湖区为例,在第六次人口普查县域资料的基础上,利用SPSS17.0软件定量分析了湖区县域人口净流出率与城镇化率之间的关系,得出人口净流出区县域城镇化水平与县域人口净流出率呈高度负相关的结论;进而,按县域城乡人口内外流比(城镇人口净流入与农村人口净流出之间的比例),将本区城镇化划分为主动型城镇化、内流为主的被动型城镇化、外流为主的被动型城镇化和衰退型城镇等类型,并探讨了各类城镇化的人口流动的特征、动力机制和综合效益;在此基础上,提出了环洞庭湖区合理推进城镇化的对策。

Population migration of our country has a characteristic of remote urbanization since 1978,and it exerted different influences on population outflow areas and population inflow areas.Taking DongTing Lake Area as a case study,and using the data of the sixth national census,we analyzed the spatial relationship between population migration and urbanization of net population outflow areas and came to a conclusion that the urbanization level of a net population outflow area is highly negatively related to net population outflow rate.According to the ratio of net urban population inflow to net rural population outflow,we divided regional population urbanization into four types：initiative population urbanization,internal transfer dominated passive population urbanization,outer transfer dominated passive population urbanization and deteriorative population urbanization：we also discussed their characters of population migration,dynamic mechanisms and comprehensive benefits; and then proposed reasonable measures to promote urbanization of DongTing Lake Area.For the sake of economic benefit of urbanization of DongTing Lake Area,initiative population urbanization should be put into effect by accepting industrial transfer,cutting down the cost of population inflow and assembling funds,industries and population.In order to ensure social benefit and ecological benefit of urbanization of DongTing Lake Area,agricultural industrialization and modernization should be promoted in the periphery and core area of DongTing Lake Area to drive passive population urbanization,and then position of agriculture in the Lake Area will be solidified and population pressure to the environment will be reduced.