广西不同产量水平普通玉米穗部性状与其产量的相关与通径分析

Correlation and path analysis between ear traits of common maize in different yield levels and its yiled in Guangxi

【目的】探讨不同产量水平玉米穗部性状与产量的关系，为利用穗部性状选育高产玉米品种提供参考。【方法】对广西近5年（2008~2012年）普通玉米区域试验中的159个普通玉米的穗部性状与产量建立多元相关模型，利用DPS软件对其进行相关分析和通径分析。【结果】当产量小于6750．00kg／ha时，秃尖长、穗长和百粒重对产量的直接影响作用较大；当产量介于6750．00—7500．00kg／ha时，穗长、百粒重和秃尖长对产量的直接影响作用较大；当产量大于7500．00kg／ha时，穗粗、秃尖长和穗长对产量的直接影响作用较大。【结论】要实现广西生态区一年两季玉米杂交组合平均产量大于7500．00kg／ha的目标，应在提高结实性的基础上注重穗粗（大于5cm）、穗长（大于19cm）和粒重（百粒重大于32g）等性状的选择。

[Objective]The relationship between ear traits and yield for common maize in different yield levels was studied to provide references for using ear traits to breed high-yield maize varieties. [ Method ] Based on yield and ear traits of 159 common maize in Guangxi regional test of common maize over the past five years （2008-2012）, the Linear regres- sion models was set up to carry out correlation and path analysis by using DPS software. [ResultlWhen the yield was less than 6750.00 kg/ha, the bald tip length, ear length and 100-seed weight had larger direct impact on yield; when the yield ranged 6750.00 from 7500.00 kg/ha,the ear length, 100-seed weight and bald tip length had larger direct impact on yield; when the yield was more than 7500.00 kg/ha,the ear diameter,bald tip length and ear length had larger direct im- pact on yield. [Conclusion]To achieve the target that average yield of maize cross combination was more than 7500.00 kg/ha in two seasons every year in ecological regions of Guangxi, the selection of ear diameter （more than 5 cm）, ear length （more than 19 cm）, grain weight （100-seed weight more than 32 g） and other traits should be emphasized on the basis of increasing fruitfulness.