流体运动场中的力学问题及其解法

Mechanical Issues in Fluid Flow Field and Theirs Solutions

自然过程或过程工业中,遇到的大部分物料(包括:媒体介质或原料、中间产品和产品)均为流体聚集态(包括:气体、液体或超临界流体);这些物质都是由分子组成的,且在任意两分子之间总保持一定的距离,即:分子所占据的空间是不连续的;现有许多研究者正力图采用离散模型(分子动力学、蒙特卡罗法和量子力学)解决工程中所遇到的问题[1];但若在1mm3工程特征尺寸中含有1010以上个分子(满足统计规律)时,流体场中的物理变化、化学变化、生化变化和社会变化就会呈现出连续性,这时人们就可以运用几百年来延用的连续模型处理流体问题。本文将采用连续模型探讨流体运动场中的力学问题。

In natural or industrial processes, most materials met （including media ones, or raw ones, Intermediate Products, and Products） are the fluid states of aggregation （containing gases, liquids or supercrit ical fluids）, which are all composed of molecules, and they have finite distances between each other, i.e. space are discrete between any two molecules in the state of aggregation. So some discrete models （molec ular dynamics simulation, Monte Carlo method, Quantum Mechanics） have being tried to solve some engineering issues of fluids met. If molecules above 1010 are contained in a specific engineering size 1mm^3, which are satisfied with mathematical statistics, some physical changes, chemical changes, biochemical changes and social changes would present continuity, and we could use continuous models having lasted for a few hundreds of years process some issues of fluids. And some mechanics issues in flow fluids field will be discussed with continuous models in this paper.