不同移栽期对重庆烤烟生长和品质的影响

Effects of Transplanting Date on the Growth and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco in Chongqing

为探索重庆烤烟的适宜移栽时期及气象因子与烤烟生长及品质指标间的相关关系,以巫山当地移栽时期为对照,设置了4个不同的移栽期试验,分别对烤烟的物理特征、化学品质和产量产值指标进行方差分析、主成分分析和冗余分析.结果表明:重庆巫山烤烟种植的移栽期提前可以优化烤烟部分物理特性和化学品质,提高烤烟的产量、质量和产值,并且在5月20日左右移栽的烤烟产量和产值显著高于其它移栽日期(p<0.05);主成分分析和冗余分析表明,气象因子对烤烟物理特性、化学品质和产量产值均能产生影响,并且这种影响是气象因子的综合效应.研究结果为重庆巫山烤烟移栽时期的确立提供了理论基础,并且提出了一个全面直观分析烟田生态系统气象因子与烤烟指标变量相关关系的方法.

In order to study the correlation of the suitable period for transplanting and meteorological fac- tors with the growth and quality indicators of tobacco, a field experiment with 4 different transplanting dates was conducted in Wushan of Chongqing with the local transplanting date as the control, and variance analysis, principal component analysis （PCA） and redundancy discriminate analysis （RDA） were made of the indictors of physical characteristics, chemical quality and yield of the plants. The results showed that properly shifting the transplanting date to an earlier date could optimize the physical characteristics and chemical quality of tobacco and improve the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. The yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco transplanted on May 20th were significantly higher than those in other trans- planting date treatments. Principal component analysis and redundancy discriminate analysis showed that climate factors could affect part of the physical characteristics and chemical quality of the tobacco leaves, and it was a comprehensive effect of all climate factors. This study provides a theoretical basis for the es- tablishment of tobacco transplanting date in Wushan of Chongqing and puts forward a comprehensive method for analyzing the correlation between climate factors and indictors of tobacco in the tobacco field ecosystem.