2015年3月20日日食对德国电网的影响

Influence of Solar Eclipse on March 20^(th),2015 on German Power Grid

由于德国的可再生能源发电占比很高,2015年3月20日发生的日偏食使德国光伏出力在短时间内大幅度波动,对德国的电力平衡、电网安全造成了威胁,也影响了电力交易。但最终德国没有发生任何电力短缺或停电,并且电网频率波动甚至比平常还要小。通过分析日食当日与非日食日的电力数据,以及电网公司采取的措施,探讨了光伏大规模接入电网后遇到极端自然现象时的经验与预防措施。结果表明,电网的合理规划设计、适当的虚拟电厂以及需求侧管理技术和调度部门的协作对于维持供电安全有着重要意义。

Due to the high percentage of power generation from renewable energy in Germany,a great power fluctuation from photovoltaic generation in a short period of time caused by the solar eclipse on March 20 th,2015 raised big challenges for the power balance and grid security as well as had a big influence on power trading in the energy market. But in the end,no power shortage or black-out occurred in Germany and the frequency disturbance was even smaller than on normal days. Through an analysis on the power generation on normal days as well as the day of eclipse,together with the countermeasures conducted by grid utilities,the valualble experiences on power supply security with increasing power feed-in from renewable energy during the course of extreme natural disaster are drawn in this paper. It is concluded that justifiable grid plan and design,proper utilization of virtual power plant and demand side management as well as good cooperation in power dispatching are crucial to grid security.