外伤性危重患者急诊护理中的感染因素及对策研究

Infection factors in emergency nursing of critically ill patients with trauma and its countermeasures

目的探究外伤性危重患者急诊护理中的感染风险因素及相关对策。方法回顾性分析本院收治125例外伤性危重患者,分为感染组患者10例,未感染组患者115例,采用Logistic逐步回归分析,分析患者发生感染的危险因素以及相关对策。结果 10例感染患者中呼吸系统感染6例(60%),泌尿系统感染3例(30%),消化系统感染2例(20%),手术部位感染3例(30%),其他部位感染3例(30%);性别差异不是影响危重患者发生感染的因素;存在年龄>60岁、具有基础疾病、进行侵入性操作、责任护士年资<3年、抗菌药物使用状况、住院时间<8天、卧床时间均<8天等因素的患者发生感染概率较大;经Logistic回归逐步分析可知,侵入性操作对患者发生感染的影响最大,其次是卧床时间、住院时间,年龄影响最小。结论针对相关外伤性危重患者采取恰当的临床护理对策,可有效降低感染风险,缓解感染状况的发生。

Objective To explore Infection factors in emergency nursing of critically ill pa- tients with trauma and its countermeasures. Methods The clinical data of 125 patients with severe trauma were retrospectively analyzed and they were divided into infected group with 10 cases and uninfected group 115 cases. Logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the risk factors and related countermeasures. Results In 10 infected patients, there were six cases（60 % ） with respi- ratory infections and three cases（30 % ） with urinary tract infection, 2 cases（20.0 % ） with digestive system infection, three cases （30 % ） with surgical site infection, and 3 cases （30.0 % ） with other sites infection. Gender was not factor of infection in critically ill patients. Larger the probability of infection occurred in patients with more than 60 years old, underlying diseases, invasive operation, nurses seniority less than 3 years, usage of antibiotics, hospitalization time less than 8 days, bedding time less than 8 days of infection. Logistic regression analysis showed that the most impacting fac- tors were invasive operation, followed by bedding time, duration of hospitalization, and age was minimal impact factor. Conclusion Clinical nursing critically ill patients with trauma could reduce the incidence of infection and alleviate infection status.