阳离子型七甲基三硅氧烷双子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

Synthesis and Properties of Cationic Heptamethyltrisiloxane Gemini Surfactant

以丁炔二醇醚(BEO)和环氧氯丙烷为原料,在四氯化锡的催化作用下,开环醚化生成氯醇醚(BAE),然后与三乙胺发生季铵化反应得到季铵盐型氯醇醚(QASBAE)中间体,最后在铂催化剂的作用下,与1,1,1,3,5,5,5-七甲基三硅氧烷(MDHM)进行硅氢化加成反应生成目标产物季铵盐型阳离子型三硅氧烷双子表面活性剂(QASBTSS)。用FT-IR和1HNMR对目标产物的结构进行了表征,并通过测定其水溶液的平衡表面张力对其界面性能进行了研究。结果表明,在临界胶束为6.56×10-4 mol·L-1时,可以将水的表面张力降低至22.48 m N·m-1。

Chlorine alcohol ether （BAE） was synthesized with Butyne glycol ethers （BEO） ether and epichlorohydrin with tin tetrachloride as a catalyst. And then BAE reacts with triethylamine in alcohol under reflux conditions to form quaternary ammonium salt allyl alcohol ether （QASBAE）. Quaternary ammonium salt cationic trisiloxane surfactant （QASBTSS） was synthesized through the hydr-osilylation of 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane（MDnM） with active hydrogen and QASBAE with platinic chloride as a catalyst. The chemical structure of QASCTSS was characterized by IR and proton nuclear magnetic resonance （IHNMR）. The interfacial properties of QASBTSS were measured. Experimental results showed as follows： in the critical micelle concentration of 6.56× 10^-4 mol·L^-1, the surface tension of the QASBTSS aqueous solution reduced to approximately 22.48 mN·m^-1.