圣音竹发笋及幼竹高生长规律研究

Study on shooting and young bamboo height growth of Phyllostachys heterocycla in Hunan Forest Botanical Garden

对湖南省森林植物园的圣音竹出笋、退笋及幼竹高生长规律进行了研究。结果表明:圣音竹发笋期在3月中旬至4月中旬,历期30 d,明显分为初期、盛期和末期3个阶段;2014年总发笋53支,3个发笋时期的发笋数间存在极显著性差异(P<0.01);退笋率为15.09%,在发笋初期和盛期的萌发笋退笋原因主要是人为机械损伤,发笋末期萌发笋的退笋原因是营养供应不足;发笋初期、盛期和末期的萌发笋竹笋—幼竹高生长过程均呈"S"型生长曲线,符合"慢—快—慢"生长规律,相应的Logistic方程都很好的拟合了各个时期萌发笋幼竹的平均高生长数据,发笋初期和盛期萌发笋在幼竹高生长历期和株高方面均优于发笋末期萌发笋,留笋养竹时选择初期和盛期的萌发笋为宜;发笋盛期的圣音竹竹笋在生长快速期时,昼夜生长呈现一定节律,且昼夜总平均生长量达16.48 cm,白天生长量是夜间生长量的1.21倍。

The shooting, shoot degradation and the regularity of young bamboo height-growth ofPhyllostachys heterocyclawere studied in Hunnan Forest Botanical Garden. The results indicate that the shooting time was from mid-March to mid-April, which lasting about 30 days, and the shooting period can be divided into three phases, including initial phase, abundant phase andifnal phase; the total shooting number was 53 and the shooting numbers were signiifcant different among three phases （P〈0.01）; the total shoot degradation rate was 15.09%, the reason was artiifcial mechanical damage in initial and abundant phases and short of nutrition was the main reason why the shoots degradation inifnal phase; the height growth curves of young bamboo emerged in initial, abundant andifnal phases were“S-shaped”, which exhibited a tendency of“slow→fast→slow”, and three logistic equations of height growth respectivelyiftted with their mean height growth data; the shoots were better for shoots keeping in initial and abundant phases than that inifnal phase; during the high growth period, the height growth at a day amounted to 16.48 cm, while the daytime height growth was 1.21 times higher than that in the night.