生计方式变迁对民族旅游村寨自然环境的影响——以雨崩村为例

Influence of Changes in Livelihood Means on the Natural Environment of the Ethnic Tourist Villages——An Tourism Anthropological Investigation of Yubeng Village

通过对众多民族旅游村寨的典型代表(雨崩村)生计方式变迁对自然环境影响的民族志描述,发现:传统社会,雨崩村半农半牧、以牧为主的生计方式与自然资源基本处于平衡的良性状态;现代社会,旅游接待成为当地的主导生计方式,对自然环境产生了更为复杂、微妙的影响。这既与当地旅游开发经营过度商业化有关,又与雨崩村至今处于未通公路的封闭状态密切相关。研究有助于丰富和完善其他学科对可持续生计理论框架的探讨。

Through an ethnographic description of influences of transforma- tive changes in means of livelihood to the natural environment in Yubeng Village- a typical representative of numerous ethnic tourist villages, this paper argues that in traditional society, the half-agriculture and animal husbandry oriented means of livelihood are basically in a benign state of balance with natural re- sources. However, the tourism reception has become the leading means of liveli- hood for local people in modern society, which has brought more complex and subtle impact to the natural environment. Such a situation results from the exces- sive commercialization of local tourist development and operation, as well as the isolation of Yubeng Village without an access to any highway so far. The study aims to enrich and perfect the theoretical framework of the sustainable livelihood in the other disciplines.