出租车自主经营模式变革的国际经验

International Experience in the Reform of the Taxi Autonomous Business Model

经营牌照自由转让和租赁经营的合法化使得加拿大多伦多市出租车服务质量不断下降,地方当局从1999年开始进行出租车经营制度改革。从牌照双轨制和牌照统一两个阶段考察其改革进展,可将多伦多市出租车经营制度改革的成功经验概括为牌照所有权个体化、倡导牌照持有人自营、强化驾驶员资格管理和循序渐进实施等四个方面。多伦多市出租车牌照个体化制度下的自主经营模式,能有效提高驾驶员收入和改善服务质量,对我国出租车改革具有借鉴意义。

As the poor customer service of taxi industry caused by free transfer license and leasing policies, the government of Toronto Metropolitan began to reform the taxi operation system since 1999. The author divided the reform progresses of Toronto taxi industry into two phases named two-ties license system and single license system separately. Four successful experiences of taxi reformation in Toronto were concluded as private license ownership, owner-driver model, enhancement of driver＇s qualifications and step-by-step implementations. Owner-operator principle under private license mechanism in Toronto is helpful to the reformation of taxi industry in China and is effective to improve income of taxi driver and quality of service.