阿尔茨海默病诊断标准的演变及评价

The developments and changes in the diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer disease

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是引起老年痴呆最为常见的疾病,给我国及世界各国造成了严重的社会和经济负担。美国国家神经病及语言障碍和卒中研究所-阿尔茨海默氏病及相关疾病协会率先公布了AD的诊断标准。随着对AD认识的深入及新诊治技术的发展,AD的诊断标准也发生了较大改变,如更加重视对轻度认知功能障碍阶段的识别,以及在诊断标准中纳入生物标志物等,但不同标准之间也存在着较大的差异。因此,本文就AD诊断标准的演变做一综述。

Alzheimer disease （AD） is the most common cause of dementia, and it has caused a huge economic burden to our country and other nations. Therefore, how to carry out an effective prevention and treatment strategy in the early stage of the disease,has become the key of the treatment of AD.In 1984, the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, and the Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders Association （NINCDS-ADRDA） firstly announced.With the development of our understanding of AD as well as the new technologies coming out, the diagnostic criteria also develope significantly, such as the more emphasis on mild cognitive impairment （MCI） stage and putting the biomarkers into the diagnostic criteria.However, there are significant differences among diverse standards （e.g.IGW, NIA-AA, etc ）, so we smmnized this article reviewed the changes of the AD diagnostic criteria,and gave a detail discussion about them.