高职新生适应与幸福感:解释风格及灵活性的作用

The Effect of Explanatory Style and Flexibility on Relationship between Vocational College Freshmen' Adaptation and Well-Being

目的:探讨解释风格及灵活性与高职新生适应和幸福感的关系,为高职新生适应教育提供依据。方法:采取方便取样法,抽取河南某高职院校2012级和2013级共10587名新生进行中国大学生适应量表(CCSAS)、幸福感指数量表(IWB)和归因风格问卷——修订版(ASQ-R)测验。结果:高职新生适应与幸福感呈显著正相关;解释风格及解释灵活性与适应和幸福感呈显著正相关;解释风格与解释灵活性相对独立,呈低度正相关。调节效应检验表明,解释灵活性在适应和幸福感间存在显著地调节作用。中介效应检验表明,解释风格及灵活性在适应和幸福感间存在部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应分别为34.33%和21.30%。结论:解释风格及灵活性与高职新生适应和幸福感密切相关,解释风格及灵活性通过增强高职新生的适应能力而提升其幸福感指数,同时,积极灵活的解释有利于增强适应状况对幸福感的影响。

Objective： To explore the relation of adaptation to well-being, and the effect of explanatory style and flexibility. Methods： 10587 vocational college freshmen of 2012 and 2013 grade were randomly selected and completed a battery of structured questionnaires, including the China College Student Adjustment Scale（CCSAS）, Index of well-being（IWB）and Attributional Style Questionnaire—Revised （ASQ-R）. Results： Vocational college freshmen’s adaptation was positively correlated with well-being; The explanatory style and flexibility were positively correlated with adaptation and well-being; The explanatory style factor were positively correlated with explanatory flexibility factor（r=.099, P 〈0.05）. The moderating effect of explanatory flexibility on the association between adaptation and well-being was significant. Significant partial mediation of explanatory style and flexibility on the association between adaptation and well-being were revealed, and the mediating effects were accounted for 34.33% and 21.30% of total effect. Conclusion： The explanatory style and flexibility were closely related adaptation and well-being. The explanatory style and flexibility could help enhance vocational college freshmen’s well-being by enhancing their adaptation ability. The explanatory flexibility could help to enhance the positive effect of adaptation on well-being.