近代徽州塾师胡廷卿的家庭生计

Livelihood of HU Ting-qing in Modern Huizhou

近代徽州祁门塾师胡廷卿归户文书翔实记载了其家庭三十余年间的经济生活。据其家用收支账簿相关记载,除依托传统束脩收入维系生计,胡家还通过培植红茶、经营祀产和参与民间借贷融资,维持家庭收支平衡。从胡家的消费构成看,其生活水平已达到中等阶层水平。胡氏多元化的家庭生计模式的构建过程,为我们观察近代乡村社会变迁提供了一个新颖的视角。

HU Ting-qing,a tutor of old-style private school in Qimen of Huizhou,recorded the 30 years＇ economic life of his family in detail. According to his account book,the Hu Family maintained a balance of income and expenditure by making black tea,performing sacrificial rites and participating in private lending as well as earning emoluments as a tutor. In terms of the family consumption structure,the living standard reached the level of the middle class. The construction of the Hu Family＇s multiple livelihood model offers a novel perspective to observe social transformation in modern Chinese villages.